The kidney is the vital organ of the Human body. In this article, we will learn the anatomy of the kidney, common diseases of the kidney and their treatment, and recommended diet for the normal functioning of the kidney.
What is a kidney?
The kidney is a reddish & brown and bean-shaped organ of the body. The main work of the kidney is to filter the blood and separate the wastages from the blood. Urea separation that is formed in the liver is filtered with the help of the kidney is the best example of the filtration done by the kidney.
Anatomy of the Kidney:
The kidney is present in the abdomen of the body on the posterior wall. There are two kidneys in the body. There are 7 to 18 lobes in the kidney and each lobe consists of millions of nephrons. Each nephron consists of three parts that are given below.
- Proximal convoluted tubes
- Loop of Henle
- Distal convoluted tube
The nephron is the functional part of the kidney.
Parts of the urinary system:
The urinary system is the system of the body that produces urine and separates the urine and excretes the urine from the body. These are the parts of the urinary system:
- Kidneys
- Renal pelvis
- Ureter
- Bladder
- Urethra
Parts of the Kidney:
There are three regions of the kidneys that are given below.
- The renal cortex is the upper part of the kidney
- The Renal medulla is the middle part of the kidney (lower than the cortex)
- The Renal palvis is the hilus of the kidney where all urine collects and blood vessels enter into the body.
Common diseases of the kidney:
Both types of diseases acute and chronic diseases are found in kidney patients. All these diseases cause the failure of the kidney. Sometimes compounds accumulate in the kidney and cause kidney stones. Here are some common diseases of the kidney given below:
- Acute kidney injury
- Chronic kidney injury
- Kidney stones
- Nephritis
- Congenital diseases
The use of less water is the major cause of kidney failure.
Treatment of kidney disease:
Treatment of kidney disease depends on the disease. If there is kidney failure then hemodialyses, peritoneal dialysis, or a kidney transplant is done. Many patients have seen that when they come to the hospital and complained about kidneys diseases 60% of the kidney has been destroyed.
Recommended Diet for kidney Patients:
Diet is recommended by checking the disease and condition of the patients. Normally DASH diet is recommended for kidney patients. DASH diet consists of the following:
- Rich in vegetables and fruits
- Whole grains
- Beans and nuts
- Blueberries
- Poultry
- Sugar and sweets
- Fats and red meats
- Low sodium and potassium
Before using this diet contact your healthcare and tell him/her before use of this diet.
References:
https://www.webmd.com/kidney-stones/picture-of-the-kidneys
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/kidney-disease/kidneys-how-they-work
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20354521
https://www.kidney.org/kidneydisease/howkidneyswrk
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/305488
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